Actual output

Use the steam system calculator with project specific feedwater temperature and steam pressure rather than treating nominal BHP as constant useful output under every condition.

Radiation loss reference

The LX/LXH-250/300 series boilers are rated for 0.30% radiation loss while most other listed models are rated for 0.50% radiation loss. These are model-reference assumptions supported by factory testing and measurements, not specific project values.

Purge losses

Pre- and post-purge move cool air across the furnace and create an unavoidable heat loss. Actual losses depend strongly on furnace volume, cycle frequency, temperatures, and operating conditions.